JRSM > Volume 99, Number 5 > Pp. 238-244

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Reviews

Surgical insights into Parkinson's disease

Erlick A C Pereira   Tipu Z Aziz

Oxford Functional Neurosurgery, Department of Neurological Surgery, The Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford OX2 6HE, UK

Correspondence to: Professor T Z Aziz E-mail: tipu.aziz{at}physiol.ox.ac.uk

SUMMARY

Surgery for Parkinson's disease was popularized in the midtwentieth century before the advent of effective medical therapies. Early lesioning treatments contributed to our understanding of the functional anatomy of Parkinson's disease. Observations of the limitations and long-term complications of established pharmacological therapies for Parkinson's disease, together with major contributions from animal research to elucidate the roles of the basal ganglia in movement disorders, inspired a recent renaissance in neurosurgical interventions for Parkinson's disease including deep brain stimulation; this continues to yield much neurophysiological information. The development of potentially restorative treatment modalities, such as gene therapy, neural transplantation and nanotechnology, hold much promise for surgery, both therapeutically and in revealing further insights into Parkinson's disease pathophysiology.

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