JRSM > Volume 95, Number 5 > Pp. 231-234

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Mechanisms underlying nystagmus

Richard V Abadi PhD  

UMIST Department of Optometry and Neurosciences, PO Box 88, Manchester M60 1QD, UK

View larger version (6K): [in a new window]   Figure 1. Schematic guide illustrating some of the nystagmus types

 

View larger version (13K): [in a new window]   Figure 2. Schematic illustration of the most common nystagmus waveforms. (a) Pendular nystagmus. This oscillation is often seen in infants with congenital nystagmus, and in brainstem and cerebellar disease. (b) Linear or constant velocity slow phase is followed by a quick phase giving it a ‘saw tooth’ appearance. This oscillation is seen in optokinetic and vestibular nystagmus. (c) An accelerating velocity exponential slow phase. This is invariably seen in congenital nystagmus. (d) A decelerating velocity exponential slow phase. This is invariably seen in physiological end-point nystagmus, manifest latent nystagmus and pathological gaze-evoked nystagmus.

 

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