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J R Soc Med 2004;97:111-116
doi:10.1258/jrsm.97.3.111
© 2004 Royal Society of Medicine

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Risk factors in acquired faecal incontinence

Peter J Lunniss MS FRCS   Marc A Gladman MRCOG MRCS   Franc H Hetzer MD   Norman S Williams MS FRCS     S Mark Scott PhD  

Centre for Academic Surgery (Gastrointestinal Physiology Unit), Queen Mary's School of Medicine and Dentistry, Royal London Hospital, Whitechapel, London E1 1BB, UK



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  		Figure 1. Prevalence of differing types of incontinence in female and male patients. PDL=post-defaecation leakage.

 


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  		Figure 2. Age at onset of symptoms

 


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  		Figure 3. Risk factors identified from patient histories. The smaller pie charts depict the proportions of male and female patients with isolated, multiple or no risk factors in their histories. The larger pie charts illustrate the relative proportions of isolated risk factors. A-P=abdominopelvic

 


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  		Figure 4. Pathophysiological basis for faecal incontinence, as revealed by objective anorectal physiological testing. `Mixed' represents any combination of the other three physiological abnormalities (anatomical; sensory; neurogenic). `None identified' signifies that none of the three other pathophysiologies were demonstrated; however, 41% of these patients had reduced anal pressures on manometry. {blacksquare} Female; {square} male

 

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