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J R Soc Med 2007;100:68
doi:10.1258/jrsm.100.2.68
© 2007 Royal Society of Medicine

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J R Soc Med 2007;100:68
© 2007 The Royal Society of Medicine

Letters

Challenges of treating thyroid disease: the need for a revisit

Biju Jose1   A James2

1 Specialist Registrar in Endocrinology, Department of Diabetes & Endorinology, Princess Royal Hospital, Telford TF1 6TF, UK
2 Specialist Registrar in Nephrology, Department of Renal Medicine & Transplantation, Royal London Hospital, Barts and the London NHS Trust, Whitechapel, London E1 1BB, UK

Correspondence to: Biju Jose E-mail: bijujosek{at}yahoo.com

We applaud Varughese et al. on their Grand Round (JRSM, November 2006) highlighting the caveats to be exercised from a practical perspective, when managing patients with hypothyroidism on levothyroxine replacement.1 Their comprehensive discussion serves to remind clinicians of the intricacies in the management of hypothyroidism and the potential cautions to be remembered in such circumstances.

In this context it would be worth noting that tablet formulation of levothyroxine has also been demonstrated to be absorbed less well than powdered levothyroxine,2 and interestingly the degradation of tablet based formulations of levothyroxine with preservative have been reported to occur faster in contrast to oral liquid formulation of levothyroxine 25 µg/mL compounded from crushed tablets.3

The controversial issues in the management of thyroid disease are crucial for both primary and secondary care clinicians.4 Indeed, in some situations the timing of treatment in patients with hyperthyroidism is also equally important and should be explored in detail.5 As an illustrative example, the same authors had reported on a patient with end stage renal disease on haemodialysis who developed hyperthyroidism.5 Despite titrating the dose of treatment, carbimazole therapy in the setting of haemodialysis had been suggested to be less efficacious due to the fact that the conversion of carbimazole to its active form (methimazole) is inhibited in an acidic environment; it is of note that methimazole is not protein bound and is therefore dialysed.5 Propylthiouracil, another antithyroid agent, is protein bound and would not get dialysed in such patients.5 A high index of suspicion is required in such clinical scenarios and as Varughese et al. emphasize in their Grand Round, the possibility of other causes should be further explored before patient compliance is doubted.

Footnotes

Competing interests None declared.

REFERENCES

  1. Varughese GI, Tahrani AA, Davis J, Clayton RN, Hanna FW. Caveats in treating thyroid disease: practical implications. J R Soc Med 2006;99:582 -3[Free Full Text]

  2. Yamamoto T. Tablet formulation of levothyroxine is absorbed less well than powdered levothyroxine. Thyroid2003; 13:1177 -81[CrossRef][Medline]

  3. Boulton DW, Fawcett JP, Woods DJ. Stability of an extemporaneously compounded levothyroxine sodium oral liquid. Am J Health Syst Pharm 1996;53:1157 -61[Abstract]

  4. Hanna FW, Lazarus JH, Scanlon MF. Controversial aspects of thyroid disease. BMJ1999; 319:894 -9[Free Full Text]

  5. Varughese GI, Tahrani AA, Smith JL, Clayton RN, Hanna FW. Carbimazole therapy in the setting of end-stage renal disease and haemodialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant2006; 21:2318 -9[Free Full Text]


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